51CrV4 Alloy Steel, Material Number: 1.8159
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
51CrV4 (1.8159) is a high-carbon, chromium-vanadium alloy steel known for its excellent strength, toughness, and fatigue resistance. It is ideal for automotive, spring, and heavy-duty machinery components.PRODUCT TYPES
Overview of 51CrV4, 1.8159 Alloy Steel
51CrV4 (1.8159) is a chromium-vanadium alloy steel that combines high carbon content with elements like chromium and vanadium to offer superior strength, wear resistance, and toughness. This steel grade is widely used in manufacturing components that require high fatigue strength and impact resistance. It is especially suitable for applications in the automotive and heavy machinery industries, such as suspension springs, leaf springs, and drive shafts.
The addition of chromium and vanadium improves the steel’s hardenability, wear resistance, and stability at high temperatures, making it an excellent choice for components that are exposed to high stresses and cyclic loading.
Chemical Composition (in %)
| Element | Composition (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.50 – 0.60 |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.15 – 0.35 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.60 – 0.90 |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.035 max |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.035 max |
| Chromium (Cr) | 0.80 – 1.10 |
| Vanadium (V) | 0.10 – 0.25 |
Mechanical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density | 7.85 g/cm³ |
| Tensile Strength | 950 – 1150 MPa |
| Yield Strength | 800 – 1000 MPa |
| Elongation (A) | ≥ 14% |
| Hardness (HB) | 240 – 290 |
Machinability
51CrV4 is machinable in the annealed condition and offers good machinability, though post-heat treatment increases its hardness, making it more difficult to machine. High-speed steel (HSS) or carbide tools are recommended for best results, and the cutting speeds should be adjusted accordingly to prevent tool wear.
Machining Tips:
- Use HSS or carbide tools for effective cutting.
- Maintain moderate cutting speeds to prevent tool damage.
- Proper cooling techniques should be applied to manage heat during machining.
Weldability
51CrV4 has moderate weldability, though preheating is generally recommended for thicker sections to reduce the risk of cracking. Post-weld heat treatment may be necessary to relieve residual stresses and maintain mechanical properties.
Welding Tips:
- Preheat thicker sections to avoid cracking.
- Use low hydrogen electrodes for high-quality welds.
- Post-weld heat treatment is necessary for thicker parts to maintain strength and reduce residual stresses.
Applications
- Automotive components (e.g., suspension springs, drive shafts, leaf springs)
- Heavy-duty machinery components (e.g., shafts, gears)
- Tools and dies subjected to high stresses
- Structural parts in demanding environments
Heat Treatment
- Annealing: Reduces hardness and improves machinability.
- Quenching and Tempering: To enhance strength, hardness, and fatigue resistance, especially for spring applications.
Advantages
- High tensile strength and wear resistance.
- Excellent fatigue and impact resistance.
- Superior hardenability due to chromium and vanadium content.
- Ideal for components under high cyclic loading and stress.